A typographic unit of measurement equal to the current point size of the type being set. In 16-point type, one em equals 16 points. The name derives from the Movable Type era, when the uppercase M was traditionally cast on a square body. The em serves as a relative, size-independent unit for specifying indents, dashes (the em dash —), and spacing. Half an em is an en, used for the en dash (–) and en spaces. In CSS, the em unit scales proportionally with the element's computed font size, making it fundamental to responsive and accessible typography.
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